- [Teacher] In out last video,
we saw that we could install a hypervisor software
to let us run multiple virtual machine
instances on a single physical machine.
And we talk about two different types
of a hypervisor software.
Just as a quick review,
we had type one and type two hypervisor software.
The difference was, type one hypervisor software
ran directly on the underlining physical server's hardware,
while type two hypervisor software
ran on an underlining operating system,
such as Microsoft Windows.
And then, the VM would be installed
on top of that hypervisor.
And that VM would contain
its own operating system itself.
The Guest OS, maybe Linux, maybe Microsoft Windows,
maybe something else.
All the supporting files and the configuration
will be part of that virtual machine instance
and the applications that we're going to be running.
And often times, when we think of a VM,
a virtual machine, we think of a sever,
something that's going to hold files on our hard drive.
But we don't have to have just a virtual server,
we could have something like a virtual router.
We can literally virtualize a Cisco router
inside of a VM or maybe, a virtual switch.
And we're going to take a look later
in this video of a few examples.
But before we do that, let's define
another term that you hear a lot in the industry.
And that term is containers.
A container is made up of a specific application
and all the supporting files,
all the libraries, all the configuration files
required for that application.
But it's works a little bit different than a VM.
With a container, we still have the physical server,
we still have the host operating system,
just like a type two hypervisor.
But then, we have something called a container engine.
And the container engine is going to be used
to create a container image.
And the most popular container engine
out there these days are Docker.
And the container image is going to contain
a copy of all their resources
required by an application.
It's going to have the configuration files,
the libraries, all the support files,
and the application itself.
But here's the big difference, we don't have
to install the underlining operating system
as part of the container.
We're going to rely on that server's operating system.
So it makes it much more portable,
much more lightweight.
And then the container engine
is going to run the container image.
And again, the big term you might hear
around containers is that it's a lightweight VM
because unlike a VM which has its own operating system,
a container does not.
But getting back to our discussing of VMs.
We said that a VM is not necessarily a server,
it might be some other virtualized device.
Let's say that we want to install
some virtual devices in our cloud provider's environment.
Maybe we have some virtual servers
where we have our file stored in the cloud,
but for security purposes, we'd loved to have
a firewall sitting in front of those.
Now, it's unlikely that the cloud provider
is going to be okay with us walking in their front door
with a firewall under our arm and install
it in their data center.
But what we can do,
is we can install a virtual firewall.
We can install a virtual machine and then run
something like the ASAv,
that's the Adaptive Security Appliance Virtual software
on that virtual machine.
And this is going to act and behave like
a physical Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance.
We can have a router virtualized in the cloud as well
or the data center.
I'm just giving the cloud as an example.
But we could have something
like Cisco's CSR1000V virtualized router.
CSR, by the way, that stands for Cloud Services Router.
We can even have a virtualized switch.
As an example, Cisco has the Cisco Nexus 1000vE switch.
And all of these virtual machines again,
they could be install in the cloud,
they could be installed
in the data center at our site.
And even though Cisco doesn't specify
a hypervisor that we need to be familiar with,
let's get a better sense of what
it means to create a virtual machine
by going out to a VMware ESXi hypervisor
and creating a virtual machine.
Here, we're using a VMware's ESXi
and we want to create a virtual machine.
Here's how we do it.
We go under virtual machines, we say create/register VM,
we want to create a new virtual machine,
and we'll give it a name.
I'll just call it VM-DEMO as an example.
And we'll say that we want it to be compatible
with ESXi version 6.7.
For the Guest OS Family, maybe at some flavor of Linux,
and the Guest OS version,
a lot of the installs, I'll do,
we'll use CentOS (64-bit) and we'll say next.
It ask where I want to store the image.
Now, in my case I only have one option,
I only have one data store.
So it's already selected and I'll say next.
Now, I can specify the hardware.
And this could vary widely with your requirements
for whatever server you're installing.
But let's say that I want a couple of CPUs.
And I'll change the unit of measure to gigabytes here.
And I'll say that I want 16 gigabytes,
and I want a 160 gigabyte hard drive,
and I want my network adapter connected
to a particular port group.
Now, in our next video,
I'm going to show you how to configure a port group.
A port group is essentially how we're connecting
this server into a virtual switch
to get out to other devices.
And let's say that I've got a port group called a PG
for port group, BO1SW1.
So we'll select that as our port group.
Now, when I boot this up, I actually want to boot
on what is essentially a DVD to do
the installation of my software.
And I have an ISO image of that DVD.
So I can say for my CD/DVD drive,
I want to select not a host device
but a data store ISO file.
This is a file that I've already uploaded
to our storage area, I've uploaded it
to our data store.
And let's say it's going to be this CSR 1000vE router.
I'll select that and I'll say next.
And if everything looks good, I'll say finish
and I'll complete the installation.
Now, I'm not going to to take the time to do that here.
But when I would click finish,
it would fire up this virtual machine
and it would boot off that ISO image
that I provided and it would walk
me through the installation.
And of course, the way that looks
would vary depending on what you're installing.
But that's an overview
of how we can install a virtual machine and look
at a few different options for virtual machines.
They're not just servers,
they can be network appliances as well.